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Soyuz
Flight Details 9
Soyuz TM-31 (ISS 1)Mission Statistics:
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Mission Highlights: With the launch of Soyuz TM-31 on 10/31/2000, a new age of manned spaceflight began. The Soyuz spacecraft carried the crew of "Expedition 1," the first inhabitants of the International Space Station. Upon entering the space station modules currently in orbit, the crew set about to ready their new home for their extended stay and the various experiments and observations they will make during their time in orbit. The crew received several shuttle visitors during their 141-day stay aboard the space station and saw their home in space grow to almost twice it's original size with the addition of the American Destiny lab. The Expedition 1 crew returned to Earth on 03/21/2001 aboard Discovery, which had brought the Expedition 2 crew to the station about 11 days earlier. If things proceed according to plan, the International Space Station will now always have a crew aboard.
Soyuz TM-32 (ISS 2)Mission Statistics:
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Mission Highlights: The purpose of this mission was to exchange the Soyuz TM-32 craft for the TM-31 that has been attached to the space station since October 2000. The Soyuz serves as the emergency escape vehicle for the space station until such time as a permanent crew return vehicle is constructed and launched. There was some controversy surrounding the planning for this mission because the Russians insisted (despite opposition from the United States and the other international space station partners) to send Dennis Tito, a wealthy investment manager from California on a tourist flight to the space station. Tito had paid the Russians $20 million for a trip to Mir, but with Mir having been discarded into the Earth's atmosphere in late March 2001, the Russians had unilaterally decided to send him to the International Space Station instead. The United States and other nations opposed the "tourist" flight at this early stage in the construction and outfitting of the space station for safety and operational reasons. Despite the controversy, the mission went off smoothly, and the cosmonauts returned safely to Earth after a 7-day flight, leaving the newer Soyuz TM-32 craft docked to the space station's Zarya module.
Soyuz TM-33 (ISS 3)Mission Statistics:
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Mission Highlights: The primary purpose of this mission was to deliver a fresh Soyuz return vehicle to the space station. While aboard the International Space Station for about 8 days, the Soyuz crew conducted joint experiments with the ISS-3 crew. The Soyuz crew returned safely, in the older Soyuz TM-32 craft, on 10/31/2001.
Soyuz TM-34 (ISS 4)Mission Statistics:
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Mission Highlights: The primary purpose of this mission was to deliver a fresh Soyuz return vehicle to the space station. The flight also marked the arrival of the second paying passenger to visit the space station, this time South African businessman Mark Shuttleworth. While in space, Shuttleworth conducted several experiments designed specifically for him. One major difference between this flight and that of Dennis Tito in April 2002 aboard Soyuz TM-32, was that NASA was more receptive to Shuttleworth's visit to the space station and he underwent orientation training at the Johnson Space Center in Houston. The crew returned to Earth in the Soyuz TM-33 craft, leaving Soyuz TM-34 as an emergency crew return vehicle for the space station crew.
Soyuz TMA-1 (ISS 5)Mission Statistics:
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Mission Highlights: The primary purpose of this mission was to deliver a fresh Soyuz return vehicle to the space station. Originally, Lance Bass, of the rock group 'N Sync, was to be a paying passenger on the crew. However, when his backers didn't come up with the $20 million price, he was replaced by Russian career cosmonaut Lonchakov. This was the first flight of an upgraded Soyuz (designated TMA) that has upgraded computers, new cockpit control panels, and improved avionics. After catching up with the Station, they successfully docked to the Pirs docking mobule. While docked, the Soyuz and Station crews conducted a series of joint experiments. The Soyuz crew undocked from the International Space Station on 11/9/2002 and returned to Earth in the Soyuz TM-34 craft. The Soyuz TMA-1 craft was used by the ISS-6 crew to return to Earth on 05/03/2003, following the destruction of space shuttle Columbia and the grounding of the shuttle fleet in February 2003.
Soyuz TMA-2 (ISS 6)Mission Statistics:
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Mission Highlights: Due to the Columbia accident, two members of the 3-person ISS-7 crew were launched to the space station aboard a Soyuz spacecraft. The ISS-7 crew will keep the station operational and conduct minimum experiments until the space shuttle in again operational. The ISS-6 crew already aboard the station returned to Earth in the Soyuz TMA-1 spacecraft that was left there by the October 2002 short-duration crew. Malenchenko and Lu returned to Earth in the Soyuz TMA-2 spacecraft on October 27, 2003.
Soyuz TMA-3 (ISS 7)Mission Statistics:
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Mission Highlights: The 2-person backup crew for the ISS-7 mission was launched to the station aboard Soyuz TMA-3 spacecraft on October 18, 2003 in place of the full ISS-8 crew. Spanish cosmonaut Duque returned to Earth after a short duration flight of 10 days with the ISS-7 crew in the Soyuz TMA-2 spacecraft. Foale and Kaleri returned to Earth in the Soyuz TMA-3 spacecraft on April 29, 2004, after spending about 194 days in space.
Soyuz TMA-4 (ISS 8)Mission Statistics:
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Mission Highlights: The ISS-9 crew, along with ESA astronaut Andre Kuipers from the Netherlands, were launched to the space station aboard a Soyuz spacecraft in April 2004. ESA Astronaut Kuipers returned to Earth with the ISS-8 crew on April 18, 2004 after spending about 11 days aboard the space station. On October 23, 2004, Fincke and Padalka returned to Earth with Cosmonaut Yuri Shargin, who launched aboard Soyuz TMA-5 with the ISS-10 crew 9 days earlier.
Soyuz TMA-5 (ISS 9)Mission Statistics:
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Mission Highlights: The ISS-10 crew, along with Russian cosmonaut Yuri Shargin were launched to the space station aboard a Soyuz spacecraft on October 13, 2004. Cosmonaut Shargin returned to Earth with the ISS-9 crew after spending about 9 days aboard the space station. On April 24, 2005, Sharipov and Chiao returned to Earth with European astronaut Vittori, who launched aboard Soyuz TMA-6 with the ISS-11 crew 10 days earlier.
Soyuz TMA-6 (ISS 10)Mission Statistics:
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Mission Highlights: The ISS-11 crew, along with ESA/Italian astronaut Roberto Vittori were launched to the space station aboard a Soyuz spacecraft on April 14, 2005. Astronaut Vittori returned to Earth with the ISS-10 crew after spending 10 days in space. On October 10, 2005, Krikalev and Phillips returned to Earth with American scientist Gregory Olsen (a paying space traveler), who launched aboard Soyuz TMA-7 with the ISS-12 crew 10 days earlier.
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