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Space Shuttle
Flight Details 7
STS-65 (Columbia)Mission Statistics:
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Mission Highlights: On this specialized Spacelab mission, two teams of astronauts worked in 12-hour shifts on more than 80 different experiments contributed by scientists around the world. Among the experiments in this highly successful mission were the use of a laptop computer to measure the effects of microgravity on the ability of astronauts to perform complex tasks, the use of a device to counteract the pooling of blood in the body in microgravity, the formation of biological crystals in weightlessness, and the effects of weightlessness on a variety of small mammals, sea creatures, and insects. Columbia landed at the Kennedy Space Center.
STS-64 (Discovery)Mission Statistics:
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Mission Highlights: In addition to deploying and retrieving (before the end of the 11-day mission) the Spartan x-ray astronomy satellite, the Discovery astronauts used the LITE experiment package in the shuttle payload bay to study the Earth's atmosphere by sending millions of pulses of laser light towards the Earth. Astronauts Lee and Meade conducted a 7-hour space walk to test a small jet pack (Simplified Aid For EVA Rescue) designed to be a rescue device for future space station astronauts. The astronauts also conducted experiments with ROMPS, an experimental Robot-Operated Microgravity Processing System. After having its landing at Kennedy Space Center delayed 1 day because of weather, Discovery finally had to land at Edwards AFB.
STS-68 (Endeavour)Mission Statistics:
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Mission Highlights: In the second flight of the Space Radar Laboratory, which included the SIR-C and X-SAR imaging radar systems, the Endeavour crew continued the detailed study of the Earth's environment started during the SRL-1 flight on board STS-59 in April 1994. Comparisons were made between the data collected on STS-59's springtime flight and STS-68's fall flight. The astronauts also activated a commercial protien crystal growth experiment and performed cosmic ray monitoring and plant growth experiments. Endeavour landed at Edwards AFB, because of bad weather at the Kennedy Space Center.
STS-66 (Atlantis)Mission Statistics:
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Mission Highlights: The crew of Atlantis used the ATLAS and SPAS/CRISTA atmospheric payloads to spend a very low-key, but productive 11 days in orbit studying the Earth's atmosphere, with special emphasis on the hole in the ozone layer over the south polar region. The landing of Atlantis had to be diverted from Kennedy Space Center to Edwards AFB because of a tropical storm in the Gulf of Mexico.
STS-63 (Discovery)Mission Statistics:
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Mission Highlights: The 20th flight of the space shuttle Discovery was a historic one on several regards. First, Eileen Collins became the first female astronaut to pilot a space shuttle. Second, Bernard Harris became the first African-American to perform an EVA, a 4 1/2 hour space walk with Michael Foale to test the heating capacity of changes to the EVA space suits and to gain experience moving large objects in space by using the Spartan 204 spacecraft in the shuttle payload bay. But the highlight of the mission was the unprecidented rendezvous of Discovery with the Russian Mir space station. Discovery came within 37 feet of Mir and then maneuvered around the station in preparation for an actual docking by a space shuttle mission to come later in 1995. Discovery landed at Kennedy Space Center after a very successful mission.
STS-67 (Endeavour)Mission Statistics:
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Mission Highlights: During a record 16 day space shuttle mission, the crew worked in two 12-hour shifts to conduct ultraviolet observations of virtually the entire sky. With three ultraviolet instruments that made up the Astro 2 payload, they observed distant galaxies, quasars, nebula, suspected black holes, the planets of the solar system, and even the Earth's moon. Because the Earth's atmosphere blocks most ultraviolet from reaching the surface, the astronauts' observations will provide an enormous amount of scientific information that would not be available from ground-based observatories. Endeavour landed at Edwards AFB after a completely successful mission.
STS-71 (Atlantis) (Mir 19)Mission Statistics:
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Mission Highlights: In a historic first, Atlantis docked with the Russian Mir space station on 6/29/95. During the 5 days that their craft were linked, the 5 American and 2 Russian (Mir 19) crew conducted medical experiments with the 3 crewmen of Soyuz TM-21/Mir 18. They also transferred a large amount of medical samples from Mir to Atlantis for return to Earth and equipment and supplies from Atlantis to Mir for the Mir 19 long-duration mission. During the undocking maneuvers on 7/4/95, the Mir 19 crew also detached the Soyuz spacecraft, the first time that 3 separate spacecraft had been maneuvered in close proximity. The 10-person combined crew was also a record, and STS-71 also marked the 100th American manned flight. Atlantis landed at the Kennedy Space Center, with the Mir 18 crew, after the remarkably successful flight. The Mir 19 cosmonauts remained aboard the Mir station, returning on September 11 after 76 days in orbit. During their stay, they performed three spacewalks to repair three foiled solar arrays and to inspect the station's docking port.
STS-70 (Discovery)Mission Statistics:
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Mission Highlights: The primary objective of this mission was the deployment of the 7th Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (he 6th placed into operational use after the loss of one satellite with Challenger on mission STS-51L). The crew also performed a number of experiments, including growing cancer cells in an experimental bioreactor, observing the earth with the WINDEX payload, observing the glow around the shuttle with the HERCULES payload, and experimenting with time-released medication designed for use in weightlessness. Discovery landed at the Kennedy Space Center.
STS-69 (Endeavour)Mission Statistics:
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Mission Highlights: Despite glitches from the first launch attempt, to the clogged toilets, to a stubborn Wake Shield Facility, the Endeavour crew achieved the majority of their mission objectives. Despite attitude control and communications link problems, WSF-2 was able to perform its task of growing crystals in a clean environment away from the shuttle. Spartan was released for several days to observe the sun. And astronauts Voss and Gernhardt had a successful, almost 7-hour spacewalk to test techniques that will be needed during the assembly of the international space station. Endeavour landed at Kennedy Space Center.
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